| I have also wondered about this, i know there are as a minimum two legal parts to a border crossing into Schengen space, one is compliance with Schengen legislation (http://www.aufenthaltstitel.de/schengeneruebereinkommen.html) which states the minimum procedures that immigration officals must follow at the border. There is also an IT system called the SIS-I (Schengen Information System http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schengen_Information_System), where data about persons and objects is stored, but no flight information is stored here, a new System called SIS-II is being developed which includes even more advanced functions. The second part could be additional national checks depending on each country. I have seen that in many EU airports most officers simply follow the guidelines, and in some they do some extra checks if something looks suspicious.
Flight data is recorded and stored in a database, all airlines publish this information to the United States, which assigns a risk score to each passenger. However, this data is supposed to be used only to fight international crime & terrorism. I don't know how compatible is the use of this information with German privacy law (Datenschutzgesetz), additionally such big databases will always contain spelling mistakes and corrupt data, and in many cases it is not possible to relate a name to an identity. Bus companies, trains, boats would also need similar systems, and it is much harder to control cars crossing the borders with the current visas and passports. In short, it is very unlikely that they use flight information at the border, as they could commit a serious mistake. What usually happens is that they check the last exit stamp, and according to the visa or residence permit, see if it has been overstayed or expired and then start asking questions.
However, this is changing as more countries issue biometric passports and visas, and as more advanced systems are put in place to screen people. For example, a new system will be set-up next year called the VIS (Visa Information System) which will store visa application information.
Links: http://www.guardian.co.uk/airlines/story/0,,1962385,00.html http://www.nytimes.com/2006/08/22/washington/22data.html?ex=1313899200&en=1885588287e2fbaa&ei=5088&partner=rssnyt&emc=rss http://www.euractiv.com/en/justice/central-eu-visa-system-hold-biometric-data/article-133939 |